Impacto das notícias falsas na hesitação vacinal: desafios e estratégias para combater a desinformação

Authors

  • Patricia Ucelli Simioni Doutora em Imunologia, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi (UAM) - Piracicaba - SP
  • Adrielle de Mello Dutra Acadêmica de Medicina. Universidade Anhembi Morumbi (UAM) - Piracicaba - SP
  • Ana Luísa Bacchin Milanez Acadêmica de Medicina. Universidade Anhembi Morumbi (UAM) - Piracicaba - SP
  • Beatriz Cardozo dos Santos Acadêmica de Medicina. Universidade Anhembi Morumbi (UAM) - Piracicaba - SP
  • Camilla Beraldo da Silva Acadêmica de Medicina. Universidade Anhembi Morumbi (UAM) - Piracicaba - SP
  • Giuliana Polido Acadêmica de Medicina. Universidade Anhembi Morumbi (UAM) - Piracicaba - SP

Abstract

Vaccines are one of the greatest achievements in public health, yet they face a growing wave of misinformation, exploiting fears and distrust, undermining public confidence, and promoting vaccine hesitancy, which endangers global health. This study aims to analyze how misinformation influences vaccine hesitancy and discuss strategies to counter this issue. A descriptive review of scientific articles published in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science over the past fifteen years was conducted using the terms "fake news", "vaccination", "vaccine misinformation", and "vaccine hesitancy". Of the 97 studies identified, 17 were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review showed that exposure to misinformation is strongly associated with increased vaccine hesitancy, with fake news often using emotional narratives to spread myths, such as the false link between vaccines and autism. Strategies such as media literacy and campaigns with trustworthy influencers are promising in boosting vaccine acceptance. Furthermore, holding social media platforms accountable for controlling the spread of misinformation is critical. Vaccine hesitancy fueled by fake news poses a serious public health threat, and effective communication strategies are essential to restore trust in vaccines.

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Published

2026-06-30

Issue

Section

Atenção à Saúde