3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARIC ACIDURIA: CASE REPORT

Authors

  • Gabriele Souto Coelho Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense
  • Ana Clara Roos Fadanelli
  • Nayara de Souza Batista
  • Luiza Ferreira de Figueiredo
  • Juliana Hertel Schmitz

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18616/inova.v15i4.9542

Abstract

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acidemia is a rare inborn error of metabolism, with a prevalence of 1 in every 100,000 live births, more common in populations with high consanguinity rates. It is characterized by a deficiency of the HMG-CoA lyase enzyme, leading to the accumulation of acetoacetic acid. Clinical manifestations occur during the neonatal period and are nonspecific, including neurological alterations, vomiting, seizures, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, hyperammonemia, ketonuria, and coma. Diagnosis is made through urinary organic acid analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, which is not part of the newborn screening panel in Brazil. Treatment consists of a low-protein diet, leucine restriction, and L-carnitine supplementation. This paper reports a case of 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaric acidemia in two twin siblings, children of consanguineous parents. The second twin was the first to be diagnosed after hospitalization from day 7 to day 57 of life, presenting significant weight loss, hypoglycemia, and respiratory and neurological symptoms. The first twin was diagnosed at 7 months of age after experiencing fever, seizures, and cardiorespiratory arrest following a vaccination. This condition presents a challenging diagnosis and requires proper nutritional support and guidance for caregivers in facing the developmental challenges of these patients.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Published

2025-03-11