MELASMA NOS CICLOS DA VIDA DA MULHER: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to review the literature to identify the aspects of melasma in each phase of the woman's life cycle. For this, a literature review was carried out in the Pubmed, Scielo and Virtual Health Library databases using the terms [“melasma” and “woman”] in July 2022. Articles in Portuguese, English or Spanish from the last 20 years and without geographical restriction. In total, 1247 articles were found in all databases, but only 18 articles were included after selection. The included studies showed the highest prevalence of melasma during menacme, associated with contraceptive use and pregnancy. Regarding menarche, the studies showed few findings. However, one of the studies showed women who discovered melasma shortly after menarche. In relation to climacteric and post-menopause, studies show that women report a decrease in melasma, except when undergoing hormone replacement therapy. Although not the main objective of the study, it was also found that multiple pregnancies increase the risk of developing melasma during pregnancy. It is concluded that melasma presents itself in different ways at different stages of a woman's life and, therefore, requires individualized treatment and multidisciplinary action. Further studies are suggested to investigate interventions for melasma at different stages of life.